Payments
How 3-D Secure 2 Cuts Card-Not-Present Fraud for Merchants
3-D Secure 2 lets issuers authenticate online card payments silently, and authenticated transactions shift fraud chargeback liability away from the merchant.
Author
Naomi Bergman
Naomi Bergman covers the systems that move money, and the small design decisions inside them that quietly decide who gets served. She explains payment rails and credit scoring, covers federal rulemaking and the national record, and reads markets from release to close.
Articles by Naomi Bergman
Finance News
What an Inverted Yield Curve Signals About Recessions and Rates
Every NBER-dated U.S. recession since 1969 followed a curve inversion, and as of February 27, 2026 the Treasury curve slopes upward again - the signal, the…
Banking
What Happens in the 48 Hours After a US Bank Fails
The FDIC works to a stated goal of making insured deposits available within two business days of a failure, and the 2023-2024 resolutions show exactly how the…
Finance News
What the Fed Decided in January 2026: Rates Held at 3.50%-3.75%
The FOMC kept the federal funds target range at 3.50%-3.75% on January 28, 2026, with governors Stephen Miran and Christopher Waller dissenting for a…
Payments
What Card Decline Codes Tell Merchants About Failed Payments
Issuer response codes such as 05, 14, 51 and 57 each carry a different operational instruction for merchants, from retry timing to card-on-file hygiene.